Rotary vacuum-machine.



W. E. SHORE.

ROTARY VACUUM MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED Nov 1s. 1912.

Patented Aug. 10, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Witnesses. 7. Inventor.

W E. SHORE.

ROTARY VACUUM MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. 13. 1912.

Patented Aug. 10, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.'

Witnesses. Invent HAW. 15 s W. E. SHORE.

ROTARY VACUUM MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED Nov, 13. 1912.

1,149,961, I I PatentedAug. 10,1915.

4 SHEETSSHEET 3.

W of 1 r Inventbr, 61%M5 W3; MW

W. E. SHORE.

ROTARY vAcpuM MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED NOV, 13, 1912.

Patented Aug. 10, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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c544? fllf U ITED sTATEs PATENTOFFICE.

WILLIAM E. snorm, or TonoNTo, ONTARIO, oANAnA, ASSIGNOR or FORTY oNE-HUNDREDTHS To JOHN FRANEY AND TWENTY ONE-HUNDREDTHS To JANE c.

FRANEY, OF TORONTO, CANADA.

To all whom it may concern I the construction being suchas to allow theBe it known that I, WILLIAM EDWARD SHORE, a subject of the King of GreatBritain, and resident of the city of Toronto, county of York, Provinceof Ontario, in the Dominion of Canada, have invented cer-. tain new anduseful Improvements in R0- tary Vacuum-Machines, as described in thefollowing specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings,that form part ofthe same.

The principal features of th1s 1nvent1on consist in the novelconstruction and arrangement of parts; whereby. the pistonvanes andtheir contact shoes are held in constant positive relationto the innerwall The principal objects of the'invention are,

to devise a rotary machine which may be utilized as a vacuum machine ora high pressure blower producing a high vacuum and also displacing aconsiderable volume of air,

attainment of very high speed, thereby producing a machine applicablefor-all classes.

Reference is -made' herein to the applicantscopending application No.727,558, filed October 24, 1912 for rotary compressors.

In the drawings, Figure -l is a vertical cross sectional view throughthe center of the machine. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectionalView through the line a-b Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a perspective detail'of apair of the piston supporting rings shown partly broken away and insection. Fig. 4 is a perspective detail of a portion of one of thepiston vanes and packing shoes. Fig. 5 is a perspective detail of aportion of a slightly modified form of piston vane and packing shoe.Fig. 6 is an enlarged perspective detail showing the method ofjournaling the side roller bearings forthe piston portion of the machineshowing the oil distributing and separating device in longi* tudinalsection." Fig. 8 is an elevational ROTARY VACUUM-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters iatent. Patented Aug, 10, 1915,

Application filed November 13, 1912. Serial No. 731,143.

of the piston core showing a modification in the arrangement and numberof the piston vanes.

Like numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in each figure.

Referring to the drawings, 1 is the main casing of the-machine formedwith a cylindrical chamber 2 in the center thereof and having thelateral hollow extensions 3 and 4 centrally arranged in the lengththereof and comprising the intake and outlet passages respectively.

5 and 6 are the inlet and outlet ports opening through the wall of thecylinder and communicating with the extensions 3 and4 respectively. Theupper side of the port 6. is arranged on a lower level than the upperside of the inlet port 5 the purpose of which will be, hereafter fullyexplained.

7 is a recess in the bed of the cylindrical chamber 2, extendinglongitudinally from end to end thereof, said recess being of arcshape intransverse section and of a lesser radius than the radius of thecylinder.-

8'are annular recessesformed in the end walls of the main casingat theend of the cylinder 2 and concentric therewith. F

9 are ring members fitted into the annular I recesses 8 and rotatabletherein, said rings being formed with an inturned annular flange 10extending completely therearound and an annular recess 11 of L-shape incross section in the .outer edges.

12 are ring members of L-shape in cross section fitted into the annularrecesses 11 in the rings 9 and rotatable therein. The

inner edges of the flange 10 of the rings 9 and the flange 13 of therings 12' are arranged flush with the interior wall of the cylinderchamber 2' andform a continuation thereof... I

14 is a lug projecting radially inward from the flange 10 of each of thering' members 9 and extending outwardly and over-.

lapping the flange 13 of the rings.l2.-

15 is a lug extending radially inward from the flange 13 of each of therings 12 and overlapping the flange 10 of the ring members 9. I

The lugs 14 and 15 are arranged in the same rotating plane and each isformed with a circular transverse opening 16, the axis of which isparallel tothe axis of the rings. v

17 are openings cut through the inner radial side of the lugs andopening tothe circular opening 16.

18 are a pair of flanged heads of circular form rotatablv supportedwithin the circular recesses 19 in the outer ends of the main casing 1,said recesses being eccentric to the cylinder chamber 2.

20 are shafts secured to or forming part with the heads 18 and extendingoutwardly from the center thereof.

21 are circular caps rigidly secured to the end faces of the main casing1 and having the journal bearings 22 supporting the shafts 20.

23 is the piston core of cylindrical form rigidly secured at theends tothe heads 18 and concentric therewith, the peripheral surface of saidcore fitting into the recess 7 in the bed of the cylinder chamber. Theends of the core 23 are recessed to receive the inwardly extending lugmembers 14 and 15 of the rotatable rings 9 and 12.

24 are slots formed in the central web 25 of the core and extendinglongitudinally thereof from end to end, said slots being arranged inparallel relation the one to the other and formed with parallel sidefaces.

26 is a shoe having its outer edge face adapted to fit the innerperipheral face of the cylinder chamber 2.

27 are journal ends formed on the extremities of the shoe 26 extendinginto the circular openings 16 in the pair oflugs 14 carried by the ringmembers 9. As the ring members 9 are rotatably supported concentric withthe cylinder chamber 2, the shoe 26 will be held in positiverelationship to the inner wall of said cylinder. The back or inner edgeof the shoe 26 is slotted longitudinally to fit around a cylindricalshaped edge portion 28 of the piston vane 29, said piston vanebeingslidably arranged in one of the slots 24. I

30 is the other piston vane slidably ar ranged in the adjacent slot 24and a shoe similar to the shoe 26 may be carried on its outer edge but Ihave shown herein a slightly modified form of shoe and piston vane,though it will be understood that in all probability only one kind ofshoe will be used in one machine.

In the modified form of shoe the piston vane is formed with an enlargedouter end 31 which is slotted longitudinally and formed around thecylindrical portion 32 of the shoe 33. In this form, the partialcylindrical shaped end of the vane is journaled in the orifices 16 inthe lugs 15 of the rings 12. Both vanes are thus pivotally supported inrelation to the shoes and may swing freely to accommodate themselves tothe change of centers as the eccentrically ar-- the outer faces of theshoes and engage the end faces of the rings 12, thusforming a gatevalve.

36 are rollers journailed upon suitable roller bearings 37 at the endsand arranged within the core 23 and engaging one of the side faces ofthe piston vanes, providing a roller bearing thereacross t-o reducethefrictional contact as said vanes slide in and out in the slots in saidcore.

38 is a recess formed in the cylinder wall extending below thearc-shaped recess 39 into which the core extends, said recess 38extending from a point close to the center outwardly on the outlet sideand opening to the outlet port and of the same width as said port. Thisrecess is provided so that as the vanes rotate the oil carried in frontof the shoe, at the end portions of the cylinder to the side of theoutlet port, will be able to escape and will therefore not resist therotation of the shoe.

40 are bafile plates arranged in the outlet extension 4 extendingtransversely thereof and adapted to prevent the carrying off of the oilwhich is churned up by the operation of the machine.-

In Fig. 7 I show an oil separating casing 41. This casing is cylindricalin form and provided with a glass dome 42 at the top and a cap 43closing the bottom.

44 is a pipe connected into the side of the inlet extension 3 andcommunicating with a pipe member 45 having an upturned end 46 extendingwithin the glass dome 42 of the oil separator.

47 is a pipe connected to the bottom of the oil chamber 48in the base ofthe casing 1 and to the cap 43.

49 is a hollow extension within the cap 43 forming a continuation of thepipe 47 and having, laterally arranged holes 50 at the inner end.

51 is a filtercasing of perforated sheet metal having a fiber packing ofsuitable filtering material 52 therebetween.

53 is a draw-off cock arranged in the cap 43.

54 is a ball valve resting in the endof the pipe 47 within the extension49.

In the operation of this machine, the shaft is suitably connected to asuitable source of energy and is rotated thereby. The rotation of theshaft rotates the heads 18 and piston core 23 and as said pistoncorerotates, the

7 piston vanes are caused to rotate within the clears the top of theoutlet.

cylinder 2. The piston vanes and their contact shoes are held inpositive relationship to the inner wall of the cylinder so that asuction is created through the inlet port and the exhaust dischargesthrough the outlet at the opposite side. The upper side of the inletport 5 is arranged at a higher level than the upper side of the outletport so that as the core rotates the inlet will be 'cut oif by onepiston shoe before the opposite shoe This arrangement effectivelyprevents a break in the suction and a continuous flow is insured. The

lower portion of the casing lis filled with oil to a point above therecess 7 so that the joint between the core and bed is oil packed andwill prevent any leakage between the suction and outlet sides. The innerwall of the cylinder is preferably slotted from end to end with aplurality of narrow slots arranged a'short distance apart so that theoil which is carried by centrifugal action around the casing will fillsaid recesses and form an oil packing for the shoes in their 41 isconnected by the pipe 44 to the suction inlet and the suction createddraws the oil from said casing, thus drawing'the oil from the bottomofthe main casing upwardly through a suitable filter, thgreby separatingany solids which may be contained therein which would be injurious tothe machine. The condition of the oil may be observed at 'any timethrough the glass dome and it may be drawn ofi through the cock 53. Theoil bath provided flows in between all the contacting and movingportions of the device so that a perfect seal of all the operatingcontacting parts is maintained, with the result that a machine of veryhigh efliciency is produced and a very high vacuum may be obtained.Owing to the peculiar ring support for the piston vanes and shoes allfriction due to centrifugal force is eliminated and a very high speed ofrotation may be attained.

The operation of the machine at high speed is not necessary for classesof work where it is -merely necessary to obtain a vacuum but for vacuumcleaning purposes this feature is very valuable as a cons derabledisplacement is necessary in such work and it is obvious that thegreater speed that is attained will create a much greater displacement.

In Fig. 8 of the drawings I show a small chine as shown to provideequalizing pressures at each end of the device, minimizing the tendencyto leakage from the cylinder.

The machine herein shown is provided with two piston vanes but it mustbe understood that I may use more. than the two vanes. In suchconstruction the vanes 60 are shortened so that they will not cross thecenter of the core but each is provided with extension pins 61 slidingin holes 62 bored in the core. These pins may be arranged at varyingdistances in the width of the vanes as illustrated in the smallperspective view in Fig. 8.

When the machine is used for a slow speed high vacuum service the oilchamber is filled to above the level of the core bed as shown in Fig. 1,but when it. is desired to use the machine as a high speed blower orlight suction work the oil level is lowered toa point below the core bedso that'the pistons and shoes will not be continually splashing into theoil and therefore adding resistance. Vhen a machine .is used for thispurpose I find it advisable to provide a special method of lubricatingthe'core bed and I arrange a' larly adapted for vacuum or high pressureblower but it must be understood that with very little change inconstruction the machine may be adapted to operate as a power unit.

In Figs. 1 and 7 I show a removable block of arc shape in transversesection arranged in a recess in the bottom of the cylinder at one sideof the center. This block is provided so as to allow for its removal andreplacement in the event of wear in the cylinder bed through theconstant engagement of the rotary piston vanes.

W'hat I claim as my invention is 1. In a rotary vacuum machine, acylinder having eccentrically arranged circular recesses at the endsfi?pair of rotatable circular heads fitting in said recesses and closingthe ends of said cylinder, a piston core extending betweensaid heads andrigidly secured concentric thereto, said core being arrangedeccentrically within the cylinder and engaging one side thereof, pistonvanes slldably arranged 1n said core, shoe members p votally connectedto the outer edges of said piston-vanes and adapted, to engage the innercylinder wall, and rotatable means for holding said contact shoes infixed relation to the axis of the cylinder.

2. In a rotary vacuum machine, a cylinder having eccentrically arrangedcircular recesses at the ends, a pair of rotatable circular headsfitting in said recesses and closing the ends of said cylinder a pistoncore extending between said heads and ri idly secured concentricthereto, said core eing arranged eccentrically within the cylinder andengaging one side thereof, piston vanes slidably arranged in said core,shoe members pivotally connected :0 the outer edges of said piston vanesand adapted to engage the inner cylinder wall, and means rotatablysupported between the ends of the cylinder and said heads for supportingthe contact shoes in fixed relation to the axis of the cylinder andpendently supporting said vanes.

3. In a rotary vacuum machine, a cylinder having concentricallyarrangedannular recesses in the ends, internested rings rotatably arranged insaid annular recesses and having inwardly extending radial lugs arrangedin the same transverse plane, shoe members pivotally supported from saidlugs and held in positive running contact with the cylinder wall, pistonvanes pivot ally supported from said shoe members, heads closing theends of said cylinder and eccentrically journaled, and a core rigidlyconnected concentrically to said heads and extending through saidcylinder in eccentric relation thereto and operatively engaging saidpiston vanes.

4:. In a rotary vacuum machine, a cylinder having concentricallyarranged annular recesses in the ends, ring members rotativelyarrangedin said annular recesses formed with an inturned annular flange and-anannular recess L-shaped in cross section in the outer edge, said ringseach having a lug extending radially inward from the annular flangeportion, ring members of L-shape in cross section rotatively arranged inthe L-shaped recess in the aforesaid rings and each having a lugextending radially inward and arranged in the same plane as the lugs ofthe companion ring, shoe members pivotally supported from said lugs andheld in positive running contact with the cylinder wall, piston vanespivotally supported from said shoe members, heads closing the ends ofsaid cylinder and eccentrically journaled, and a core rigidly connectedconcentrically to said heads and extending through said cylinder ineccentric relation thereto and operatively engaging said piston vanes.

5. In a rotary vacuum machine, a cylinder, a pair of circular headseccentrically journaled and closing the ends of said cylinder and havingtransverse slots in the inner face thereof, a piston core rigidlyconnected concentrically to said heads and eccentrically arranged withinsaid cylinder and having slots therein extending from end to end and andregistering with the slots in said heads, piston vanes slidably arrangedin the slots in said core and extending into the slots in said heads,shoe members pivotally connected to the outer edges of said piston vanesand adapted to engage the cylinder Wall, and rotatable means for holdingsaid shoe members in fixed relation to the axis of the cyl- 6. In arotary vacuum machine, a cylinder, a pair of circular heads closing theends of said cylinder and journaled eccentrically thereto and eachhaving a pair of parallelly arranged slots extending across'the innerface one at each side of the center, a cylindrical core rigidly securedconcentrically between said heads and eccentric to the cylinder andhaving longitudinal slots parallelly arranged and extending from end toend thereof and registering With the slots in said heads, ring membersrotatably journaled at the ends of the cylinder and having inwardlyextending radial lugs, piston vanes slidably arranged in the slots insaid core and extending into the slots in said heads, said vanes beingpendently supported from the lugs of said rings, and contact shoespivotally secured to the outer edges of said pendent vanes and engagingthe cylinder wall.

7. In a rotary vacuum machine, a. cylinder, a pair of circular headseccentrically journaled and closing the ends of said cylinder and havingtransverse slots in the inner face thereof, a piston core rigidlyconnected concentrically to said heads and eccentrically arranged Withinsaid' cylinder and having slots therein extending from end to end andregistering with the slots in said heads, ring members rotativelyarranged between the ends of said cylinder and said heads and havinginwardly extending radial lugs forming journal bearings, shoe membersadapted to engage the cylinder wall and having journal ends adapted toextend into the bearings in said lugs, piston vanes pendently supportedfrom said shoes and sliding in the slots in said core and having theends projecting beyond the shoes and ring lugs and extending into theslots in the heads, and extension pieces secured to the outer ends ofsaid vanes adapted to slide in the slots in said heads to form gatevalves at the ends of the shoe members.

8. In a rotary vacuum machine, a cylinder, heads closing'the ends ofsaid cylinder, a piston core rotatably supported eccentrically withinsaid cylinder and having slots extending longitudinally thereof from endto end, piston vanes slidably arranged in the slots in said core andextending outwardly therefrom, shoe members rotatably supported inconstant operating contact with the cylinder wall and pivotallyconnected to the outer edges of said piston vanes, and roller bearingmembers journaled within said core adjacent to said longitudinal slotsand extending longitudinally of said core and engaging said piston vanesand formingroller bearings for said vanes in their inward and outwardmovement.

9. In a rotary vacuum machine, a casing having a cylindrical. 'chamberin the center thereof and formed with lateral hollow extensionscomprising intake and outlet passages and a hollow base communicatingwith said outlet passage, the inlet port leading to said cylinder havingits upper edge arranged above the level of the upper edge .of the outletport and the are between said ports is less than that between thepistons, a piston core eccentrically journaled within said cyl inder andengaging the bottom side thereof, heads closing the ends of saidcylinder, piston vanes operatively engaging said core, and contact shoesheld in positive operative contact with the wall of the cylinder andpivotally connected to the outer edges of said piston vanes.

10. In a rotary vacuum machine, a casing having a cylindrical chamber inthe center thereof and formed with lateral hollow extensions comprisingintake and outlet passages and a hollow base arranged below andcommunicating with said outlet passage and forming an oil well, saidcylinder having a recess in the bottom thereof arc-shaped in crosssection and extending from end to end and also having a recess extendingbelow the arc-shaped recess, atthe outlet side and of the same width asthe outlet port, the well formed by said base retaining the oil at alevel above the arc shaped recess, a cylindrical piston corejournaled inthe cylinder and contacting with the bed formed by the are shaped recessin the base and forming an air tight joint therewith, piston vanesslidably held in said core, contact shoes pivotally connected to theouter edges of said vanes and held in operative contact with the surfaceof the cylinder, and heads closing the ends of said cylinder.

11. In a rotary vacuum machine, a cylinder having inlet and outlet portsand a plurality of longitudinal slots formed in the inner wall betweenthe inlet and outlet ports and spaced equidistantly therearound and eachextending from end to end of the cylinder and forming oil receivingrecesses, a piston core journaled concentrically in said cylinder andengaging one side thereof, piston vanes operating in sald core, and shoemembers pivotally connected to the outer edges of said vanes androtatably supported in constant engagement with said cylinder wall and'having contact faces adapted to cover each successive oil groove beforeuncovering the one to the rear and to thus maintain an oil packed facecontact.

12. In a rotary vacuum machine, agcylsaid bed and block, piston vanescarried by said piston core, contact shoes pivotally secured to theouter edges of'said piston vanes and held in vconstant operativeengagement ends of the cylinder.

13. In a rotary vacuum machine, a casing having a centrally arrangedcylinder and lateral hollow extensions forming inlet and outletpassages, said cylinder having inlet and outlet ports leading to saidpassages respectively, and a hollow base communicating with the outletpassage, a piston core operating in said cylinder, piston vanesoperating with said core and rotating in said cylinder, 'a pipecommunicating with said hollow base and extending upwardly on thesuction side of the machine, a filter casing connected to said pipe, anda pipe connected to the top of said filter casing and communicating withthe inlet passage, the suction being adapted to draw the oil upwardlythrough said pipe and filter from the base.

14. In a rotary vacuum machine, a casing having a centrally arrangedcylinder and lateral hollow extensions forming inlet and' outletpassages, said cylinder having inlet and outlet ports leading to saidpassages respectively and a hollow. base communicating with the outletpassage, a piston core operating in said cylinder, piston vanesoperating with said core and rotating in said cylinder, a pipecommunicating with said hollow base and extending upwardly, a

casing sec ured to the upper end of said pipe,

a suitable filter casing arranged intermediately in said casing, and apipe leading from the upper end of said casing above said filter andcommunicating with the inlet passage of said machine.

15. In a machine of the class described, a I

cylinder having a recess formed in the bed thereof extendinglongitudinally from end to end and arc-shaped in cross section, a

groove arranged in the bed of said recessand extending longitudinallythereof, said groove having communication with an oil supply, a pistoncore of lesser diameter than the cylinder journaled eccentricallythereln and fitting into the arc-shaped recess, and piston vanesoperatively engaging said piston core and operating in said cylinder.

16. In a machine of the class described, a

80 with the cylinder wall, and heads closing the sure blower,

cylinder, a piston core eccentrically journaled within said cylinder andhaving a plurality of longitudinal slots therein off-set from the axialcenter, piston vanes slidably arranged in said slots and havingextension pin members extending into holes bored in the core at the baseof said slots, the pins of one Vane being adapted to extend past the pinof another vane to allow the use of more than two vanes in the cylinder.

17. In a'rotary Vacuum machine or presthe combination with the casingand shaft journals and a power unit for operating said shaft connectedtherewith, of an air tight casing extending around said power unit andconnected to the casing of the machine in an air tight joint, a capclosing the outer bearing of the rotary machine, and pipes leading fromthe discharge and connected to said said cap to effect an equalizing ofpressure at the journal ends of the machine.

Signed at the city of Toronto, county of York, Province of Ontario, inthe Dominion of Canadatthis 25th day of October 1912.

WILLIAM E. SHORE.

itnesses H. L. TRIMBLE, E. HERON.

air tight casing and to

